MYD88 and SHC1 are two more examples of adaptor proteins. It attracts the next protein in the pathway (Sos protein in this example) by binding through SH3 domains. This protein sends the signal further down in a signalling pathway by binding through the SH2 domain to another receptor EGF (epidermal growth factor receptor). One of the best-known examples of adaptor protein is GRB2 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 2). Their function is to mediate specific protein-protein interactions that drive the formation of protein complexes. On the other hand, SH3 domains recognise proline-rich sequences within specific proteins.Īdaptor proteins lack any intrinsic enzymatic activity. The SH2 domains recognise specific amino acid sequences in the proteins that contain phosphotyrosine residues. Adaptor protein typically contains several domains, including Src homology 2 (SH2) and Src homology 3 (SH3) domains. Sometimes, it is also called signal-transducing adaptor proteins (STAPs). They accomplish this through specific domains such as SH2 and SH3, which recognise specific amino acid sequences in the target protein. Side by Side Comparison – Adaptor vs Scaffold Protein in Tabular FormĪdaptor protein is a small protein that usually binds only to two proteins in the signalling pathway to regulate signal transduction.
Similarities Between Adaptor and Scaffold Proteinĥ. Adaptor protein and scaffold protein are two types of proteins involved in the signalling pathway. Ultimately, all these changes allow the cell to respond to the signal and adjust its metabolism according to the current environmental conditions. This results in some changes in the cell, which are normally associated with gene expression or solute uptake.
#Protein scaffold definition series
The key difference between adaptor and scaffold protein is that adaptor protein is usually a small protein that binds only to two proteins involved in the signalling pathway, while scaffold protein is a large protein that binds to a number of different proteins involved in the signalling pathway.Ī signalling pathway is a process in which a signal reaches the cells and triggers some reactions or ordered series of events.
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